January 2014

• A 66-year old retired African American male presents with reduced urinary flow and hematuria.
• PMH: High blood pressure. Currently taking enalapril 10 mg.
• FHx: Father lung cancer — age 74.
• Patient walks 3 miles a day.
• PSA 9.8 ng/ml
• Prostate biopsy shows Gleason 7 (4+3) prostate cancer
• Undergoes robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND)
• Results show:
  • pT3b (focal extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion) — margins negative
  • N1
  • M0
• Post-operative PSA=0.64 ng/ml
• Patient undergoes adjuvant radiation therapy and is started on leuprolide acetate.
• PSA drops to undetectable levels

January 2016

• PSA starts to rise to 0.3 ng/ml
  • Repeated 3 months later — 0.7 ng/ml
  • Bone scan and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) scan both negative
  • Diagnosis nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)
  • Patient declines additional therapy at this time

November 2017

• PSA continues to rise over the next 18 months going up to 9.8 ng/ml
• Bone scan shows lesion in the left superior pubic ramus
• Patient is asymptomatic