David S. Hong, MD, discusses updated data with larotrectinib (Vitrakvi) in <em>TRK</em> fusion-positive solid tumors at the ESMO Congress 2019.
ESMO Congress
Strong objective responses rates were seen in the phase I/II LIBRETTO trial, which studied RET inhibition with selpercatinib in patients with <em>RET</em>-mutant medullary thyroid cancer and for those with other <em>RET</em> fusion-positive thyroid cancer. The registrational findings were recently presented at ESMO Congress 2019.
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Three clinical trials presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress show that the tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor larotrectinib continues to show anti-tumor activity, including long-lasting objective responses and low toxicity, according to results from an integrated analysis.
Results from the phase III MONARCH 2 trial showed that the addition of the CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib to fulvestrant improved overall survival by 9.4 months compared with fulvestrant and placebo in patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer who progressed on prior endocrine therapy, according to data presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
A subgroup of patients with triple-negative breast cancer who had immune cell PD-L1 expression, by the SP142 immunohistochemistry assay had responses to atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel, regardless of whether they had primary or metastatic disease, according to an exploratory biomarker substudy of IMpassion130.
Patients with advanced hormone receptor–positive, HER2-positive breast cancer had improved progression-free survival when receiving the CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib and endocrine therapy with trastuzumab compared with trastuzumab and chemotherapy, according to findings from the randomized phase II monarcHER trial.<sup>1</sup>
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Frontline atezolizumab plus carboplatin plus etoposide has shown an improvement in overall survival over placebo plus CP/ET in the treatment of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, according to updated results from the phase III IMpower133 trial.
Ribociclib with fulvestrant resulted in a clinically significant overall survival benefit compared with placebo in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, according to findings from the phase III MONALEESA-3 trial presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Patients with early triple-negative breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant treatment with the combination of pembrolizumab and chemotherapy showed extended pathological complete response rates by 13.6 percentage points compared with chemotherapy alone in the phase III KEYNOTE-522 study.
A randomized phase II study with patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer showed unexpected improved overall survival with the addition of trilaciclib, an investigational CDK4/6 inhibitor, to gemcitabine and cisplatin, even though the combination failed to meet a safety-related primary endpoint.
The addition of atezolizumab to ado-trastuzumab emtansine improved overall survival in patients with previously treated HER2-positive advanced breast cancer compared with T-DM1 alone, according to a second OS analysis of the phase II KATE2 trial presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Enfortumab vedotin in combination with pembrolizumab induced objective responses in close to three-quarters of patients with cisplatin-ineligible locally advanced urothelial cancer, according to the results of a preliminary clinical evaluation.
Glutaminase inhibitor telaglenastat added to everolimus extends progression-free survival in patients with heavily pretreated advanced renal cell carcinoma compared with everolimus monotherapy, according to data from the phase II ENTRATA study presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Robert L. Coleman, MD, FACOG, FACS, discusses the results of the phase III VELIA trial in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
The combination of olaparib and bevacizumab as frontline maintenance improved the median progression-free survival by 5.5 months over bevacizumab and placebo in patients with newly diagnosed, advanced ovarian cancer following prior treatment with a platinum-based chemotherapy plus bevacizumab, according to the phase III PAOLA-1 findings presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Median overall survival was improved by 6.8 months with osimertinib as a first-line treatment for patients with metastatic, <em>EGFR</em>-mutant non–small cell lung cancer compared with erlotinib or gefitinib, despite crossover between arms, according to updated data from the phase III FLAURA study presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Sacituzumab Govitecan Demonstrates Early Efficacy in Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Urothelial Cancer
The antibody–drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan induced objective responses in about 30% of heavily pretreated patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma in initial results of a phase II trial that were presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Median progression-free survival was improved by 5.6 months with PARP inhibitor niraparib as first-line treatment for patients with newly diagnosed, advanced ovarian cancer who responded to platinum-based chemotherapy compared with placebo, according to data from the phase III PRIMA study presented at the ESMO Congress 2019 and simultaneously published in the <em>New England Journal of Medicine</em>.
A final analysis of part 1 of the phase III CheckMate 227 trial showed that nivolumab plus ipilimumab led to survival benefits in previously untreated patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer, regardless of PD-L1 expression status.
Cediranib in combination with olaparib demonstrated an improvement in progression-free survival when used as treatment for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC). However, the difference in PFS compared with chemotherapy did not achieve statistical significance, according to a randomized trial presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab induced objective responses in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, according to results presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress from 2 small clinical trials.
An objective response rate of 35.5% was seen with treatment with pemigatinib, a selective oral inhibitor of FGFR1, 2, and 3, in patients with previously treated, locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma with an <em>FGFR2 </em>rearrangement or fusion, according to findings from the phase II FIGHT-202 clinical trial presented at ESMO 2019.
Single-agent atezolizumab improved overall survival in newly diagnosed patients with wild-type non–small cell lung cancer who had ≥50% expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells or ≥10% expression on tumor-infiltrating immune cells compared with platinum-based chemotherapy, according to the interim survival analysis of the phase III IMpower110 study.
In the phase III SPARTAN trial, the combination of androgen receptor apalutamide and androgen deprivation therapy led to an overall survival OS benefit compared with placebo/androgen deprivation therapy in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, based on the updated findings presented at the 2019 ESMO Congress.
Results from the phase III IMpower130 trial demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in both progression-free survival and overall survival with a triplet regimen of atezolizumab, carboplatin, and nab-paclitaxel compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with previously untreated stage IV nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer.
Cisplatin plus radiotherapy improved overall survival compared with cetuximab plus radiotherapy in patients with HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer, according to late-breaking research from the De-ESCALaTE HPV trial presented at the 2018 ESMO Congress.<sup> </sup>Results from this trial support the use of chemoradiotherapy as the standard of care for treatment in this patient population.
Ulrik Lassen, MD, PhD, discusses the updated response findings with larotrectinib in TRK+ cancers.
Among patients with advanced solid tumors associated with <em>NTRK</em> gene fusions, more than half had responses to the small-molecule inhibitor entrectinib, according to an integrated analysis of 3 clinical trials presented at the 2018 ESMO Annual Congress.
Among men in the ongoing phase II TRITON2 trial with BRCA1/2 alterations, 51% had a confirmed prostate-specific antigen response to rucaparib (Rubraca), according to preliminary data reported in a poster presentation by Wassim Abida, MD, PhD, and colleagues at the 2018 ESMO Congress.
Frontline maintenance therapy with olaparib demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival for women with <em>BRCA</em>-positive advanced ovarian cancer.
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