GENITOURINARY CANCERS

Hypofractionated radiotherapy and standard radiation therapy demonstrated similar toxicities and neither prevented PSA increases or disease recurrences for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer better than the other, according to data from the phase III randomized CHHiP trial reported at the 2016 GU Cancers Symposium.

Second-line treatment with atezolizumab (MPDL3280A) resulted in a median overall survival (OS) of 11.4 months in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) and who showcased high PD-L1 levels.

A post hoc analysis of the phase III COU-AA-302 clinical trial suggests docetaxel can produce antitumor activity as the first subsequent therapy following disease progression with abiraterone acetate in men with chemotherapy-naive, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

A current estimation shows that roughly 25% of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC) contain alterations in DNA repair genes. These would normally code for proteins to correct errors arising when cells duplicate their DNA before cell division.

Sartor says the test would lay out molecular data regarding a patient's malignancy and allow community oncologists to determine what would be the best course of treatment. He added that the hope for this study is to replace the "trial and error" method of treatment with something more concrete.

Agarwal says patients whose penile cancer does not spread to their lymph nodes have a 95% chance of survival over the course of 5 years, while survival for those whose cancer spreads to their lymph nodes is significantly less.

Aspirin, normally associated with heart health, may not extend to the reduction of risk in prostate cancer, according to the results of an observational study.

Resistance to androgen receptor therapies in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has historically posed a challenge to clinicians. Now, a new blood test that analyzes circulating tumor cells (CTCs) could help overcoming these hurdles.

The FDA has approved a new treatment consisting of a non-alcohol formulation of docetaxel in patients with breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and head and neck cancer.

Figlin says drugs like lenvatinib, everolimus, and cabozantinib have emerged in recent years as possible first-line therapies for RCC.

Urologists face a challenge in delineating the optimal sequence of treatment more and more as the goal for treating prostate cancer moves toward greater use of targeted therapies. While these treatment eradicate disease, urologists must minimize the risk of adverse events.

With a renewed armory of treatments consisting heavily of immunotherapies, urologists can employ new paradigms of treatment for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

A new study from the University of California, Los Angeles shows that less than 5% of men who opt for active surveillance of their low-risk prostate cancer receive the proper amount of monitoring.

Living a healthier lifestyle could be a robust preventative measure against metastatic prostate cancer. One new study suggests that leading a healthy lifestyle could reduce a man's chances of developing the cancer by up to 68%.

Recent studies suggest that RP may be a better initial treatment given many of these patients require multimodal therapy to manage their disease. The question about radiation versus surgery lies in the details, with treatment tailored to each patient.

Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, MBBCh, assistant professor, Johns Hopkins Medicine, on the coming importance of being tested for the ARV7 marker and future treatments for patients with the marker.

Joe O'Sullivan, MD, on utilizing radium-223 treatment earlier in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Several recent trials have shown that a combination of docetaxel in conjunction with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is optimal in treating oligometastatic prostate cancer.

From its approval in May 2013 to recently being considered as a combination treatment with other drugs, radium-223 dichloride shows great potential in positively impacting treatment for mCRPC, according to Dr. Michael Morris.

Aaron Spitz, MD, talks about the emerging uses of telemedicine in urology. Telemedicine allows medical professionals to remotely diagnose and sometimes even treat patients through a variety of technology, including smartphones and tablet devices.

"We should be doing this, because we understand the disease, we see these patients, and we're not just surgeons, Dr. Adam Kibel said. "We were giving them medications to control their BPH before we diagnosed them with cancer."

With novel treatments such as abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) and enzalutamide (Xtandi) emerging and financial challenges of diminished reimbursement faced by urology practices mounting, urology groups are beginning to offer in-office dispensing to their metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified processed meat as carcinogenic to humans and red meat as probably carcinogenic to humans.

Patients who had prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy lived significantly longer with the addition of hormonal therapy to salvage radiotherapy, long-term follow-up from a randomized trial showed.

Ultra-hypofractionated radiation therapy for low-risk prostate cancer led to significantly lower rates of bowel and urinary dysfunction compared with patients treated with conventional radiotherapy regimens.